Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 185 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {21 \text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {576 \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d}+\frac {21 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {43 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (1+\cos (c+d x))^2}-\frac {288 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (1+\cos (c+d x))}-\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}-\frac {2 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{5 a d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^3} \]
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Time = 0.45 (sec) , antiderivative size = 185, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 7, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.333, Rules used = {2845, 3057, 2827, 3853, 3855, 3852, 8} \[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {21 \text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {576 \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d}+\frac {21 \tan (c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {288 \tan (c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (\cos (c+d x)+1)}-\frac {43 \tan (c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (\cos (c+d x)+1)^2}-\frac {2 \tan (c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{5 a d (a \cos (c+d x)+a)^3}-\frac {\tan (c+d x) \sec (c+d x)}{7 d (a \cos (c+d x)+a)^4} \]
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Rule 8
Rule 2827
Rule 2845
Rule 3057
Rule 3852
Rule 3853
Rule 3855
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}+\frac {\int \frac {(9 a-5 a \cos (c+d x)) \sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^3} \, dx}{7 a^2} \\ & = -\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}-\frac {2 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{5 a d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^3}+\frac {\int \frac {\left (73 a^2-56 a^2 \cos (c+d x)\right ) \sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^2} \, dx}{35 a^4} \\ & = -\frac {43 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (1+\cos (c+d x))^2}-\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}-\frac {2 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{5 a d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^3}+\frac {\int \frac {\left (477 a^3-387 a^3 \cos (c+d x)\right ) \sec ^3(c+d x)}{a+a \cos (c+d x)} \, dx}{105 a^6} \\ & = -\frac {43 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (1+\cos (c+d x))^2}-\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}-\frac {2 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{5 a d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^3}-\frac {288 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 d \left (a^4+a^4 \cos (c+d x)\right )}+\frac {\int \left (2205 a^4-1728 a^4 \cos (c+d x)\right ) \sec ^3(c+d x) \, dx}{105 a^8} \\ & = -\frac {43 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (1+\cos (c+d x))^2}-\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}-\frac {2 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{5 a d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^3}-\frac {288 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 d \left (a^4+a^4 \cos (c+d x)\right )}-\frac {576 \int \sec ^2(c+d x) \, dx}{35 a^4}+\frac {21 \int \sec ^3(c+d x) \, dx}{a^4} \\ & = \frac {21 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {43 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (1+\cos (c+d x))^2}-\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}-\frac {2 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{5 a d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^3}-\frac {288 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 d \left (a^4+a^4 \cos (c+d x)\right )}+\frac {21 \int \sec (c+d x) \, dx}{2 a^4}+\frac {576 \text {Subst}(\int 1 \, dx,x,-\tan (c+d x))}{35 a^4 d} \\ & = \frac {21 \text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {576 \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d}+\frac {21 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^4 d}-\frac {43 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 a^4 d (1+\cos (c+d x))^2}-\frac {\sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{7 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}-\frac {2 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{5 a d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^3}-\frac {288 \sec (c+d x) \tan (c+d x)}{35 d \left (a^4+a^4 \cos (c+d x)\right )} \\ \end{align*}
Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(455\) vs. \(2(185)=370\).
Time = 6.78 (sec) , antiderivative size = 455, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.46 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=-\frac {168 \cos ^8\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d x}{2}\right ) \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d x}{2}\right )-\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d x}{2}\right )\right )}{d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}+\frac {168 \cos ^8\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d x}{2}\right ) \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d x}{2}\right )+\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d x}{2}\right )\right )}{d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4}+\frac {\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d x}{2}\right ) \sec \left (\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sec (c) \sec ^2(c+d x) \left (24402 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}\right )-55556 \sin \left (\frac {3 d x}{2}\right )+61054 \sin \left (c-\frac {d x}{2}\right )-33614 \sin \left (c+\frac {d x}{2}\right )+51842 \sin \left (2 c+\frac {d x}{2}\right )+12460 \sin \left (c+\frac {3 d x}{2}\right )-33716 \sin \left (2 c+\frac {3 d x}{2}\right )+34300 \sin \left (3 c+\frac {3 d x}{2}\right )-39788 \sin \left (c+\frac {5 d x}{2}\right )+2940 \sin \left (2 c+\frac {5 d x}{2}\right )-26068 \sin \left (3 c+\frac {5 d x}{2}\right )+16660 \sin \left (4 c+\frac {5 d x}{2}\right )-21351 \sin \left (2 c+\frac {7 d x}{2}\right )-1295 \sin \left (3 c+\frac {7 d x}{2}\right )-14911 \sin \left (4 c+\frac {7 d x}{2}\right )+5145 \sin \left (5 c+\frac {7 d x}{2}\right )-7329 \sin \left (3 c+\frac {9 d x}{2}\right )-1225 \sin \left (4 c+\frac {9 d x}{2}\right )-5369 \sin \left (5 c+\frac {9 d x}{2}\right )+735 \sin \left (6 c+\frac {9 d x}{2}\right )-1152 \sin \left (4 c+\frac {11 d x}{2}\right )-280 \sin \left (5 c+\frac {11 d x}{2}\right )-872 \sin \left (6 c+\frac {11 d x}{2}\right )\right )}{2240 d (a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \]
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Time = 1.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 148, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.80
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {-\frac {\left (\tan ^{7}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{7}-\frac {9 \left (\tan ^{5}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{5}-13 \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-111 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-\frac {4}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {36}{\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1}+84 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )+\frac {4}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}+\frac {36}{\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1}-84 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{8 d \,a^{4}}\) | \(148\) |
default | \(\frac {-\frac {\left (\tan ^{7}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{7}-\frac {9 \left (\tan ^{5}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{5}-13 \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-111 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-\frac {4}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {36}{\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1}+84 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )+\frac {4}{\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}+\frac {36}{\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1}-84 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{8 d \,a^{4}}\) | \(148\) |
parallelrisch | \(\frac {\left (-23520 \cos \left (2 d x +2 c \right )-23520\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )+\left (23520 \cos \left (2 d x +2 c \right )+23520\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )-34168 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \left (\cos \left (d x +c \right )+\frac {5885 \cos \left (2 d x +2 c \right )}{8542}+\frac {1497 \cos \left (3 d x +3 c \right )}{4271}+\frac {3873 \cos \left (4 d x +4 c \right )}{34168}+\frac {72 \cos \left (5 d x +5 c \right )}{4271}+\frac {19387}{34168}\right ) \left (\sec ^{6}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{2240 a^{4} d \left (1+\cos \left (2 d x +2 c \right )\right )}\) | \(149\) |
norman | \(\frac {-\frac {167 \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{8 d a}+\frac {281 \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{8 d a}-\frac {217 \left (\tan ^{5}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{20 d a}-\frac {167 \left (\tan ^{7}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{140 d a}-\frac {53 \left (\tan ^{9}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{280 d a}-\frac {\tan ^{11}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{56 d a}}{\left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2} a^{3}}-\frac {21 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{2 a^{4} d}+\frac {21 \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}{2 d \,a^{4}}\) | \(174\) |
risch | \(-\frac {i \left (735 \,{\mathrm e}^{10 i \left (d x +c \right )}+5145 \,{\mathrm e}^{9 i \left (d x +c \right )}+16660 \,{\mathrm e}^{8 i \left (d x +c \right )}+34300 \,{\mathrm e}^{7 i \left (d x +c \right )}+51842 \,{\mathrm e}^{6 i \left (d x +c \right )}+61054 \,{\mathrm e}^{5 i \left (d x +c \right )}+55556 \,{\mathrm e}^{4 i \left (d x +c \right )}+39788 \,{\mathrm e}^{3 i \left (d x +c \right )}+21351 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}+7329 \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+1152\right )}{35 d \,a^{4} \left ({\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}+1\right )^{2} \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+1\right )^{7}}-\frac {21 \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-i\right )}{2 a^{4} d}+\frac {21 \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+i\right )}{2 d \,a^{4}}\) | \(191\) |
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Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 250, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.35 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {735 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{6} + 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} + 6 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right ) - 735 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{6} + 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} + 6 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}\right )} \log \left (-\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right ) - 2 \, {\left (1152 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} + 3873 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 4548 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 2012 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 140 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - 35\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{140 \, {\left (a^{4} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{6} + 4 \, a^{4} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{5} + 6 \, a^{4} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 4 \, a^{4} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + a^{4} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2}\right )}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {\int \frac {\sec ^{3}{\left (c + d x \right )}}{\cos ^{4}{\left (c + d x \right )} + 4 \cos ^{3}{\left (c + d x \right )} + 6 \cos ^{2}{\left (c + d x \right )} + 4 \cos {\left (c + d x \right )} + 1}\, dx}{a^{4}} \]
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Time = 0.33 (sec) , antiderivative size = 231, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.25 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {280 \, {\left (\frac {7 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} - \frac {9 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{3}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{3}}\right )}}{a^{4} - \frac {2 \, a^{4} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{2}} + \frac {a^{4} \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{4}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{4}}} + \frac {\frac {3885 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} + \frac {455 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{3}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{3}} + \frac {63 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{5}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{5}} + \frac {5 \, \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{7}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{7}}}{a^{4}} - \frac {2940 \, \log \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} + 1\right )}{a^{4}} + \frac {2940 \, \log \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} - 1\right )}{a^{4}}}{280 \, d} \]
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Time = 0.34 (sec) , antiderivative size = 155, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.84 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {\frac {2940 \, \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 1 \right |}\right )}{a^{4}} - \frac {2940 \, \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 1 \right |}\right )}{a^{4}} + \frac {280 \, {\left (9 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 7 \, \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )\right )}}{{\left (\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 1\right )}^{2} a^{4}} - \frac {5 \, a^{24} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{7} + 63 \, a^{24} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{5} + 455 \, a^{24} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} + 3885 \, a^{24} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )}{a^{28}}}{280 \, d} \]
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Time = 15.50 (sec) , antiderivative size = 160, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.86 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^3(c+d x)}{(a+a \cos (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {21\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\right )}{a^4\,d}-\frac {9\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^5}{40\,a^4\,d}-\frac {{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^7}{56\,a^4\,d}-\frac {13\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^3}{8\,a^4\,d}-\frac {7\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )-9\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^3}{d\,\left (a^4\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^4-2\,a^4\,{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}^2+a^4\right )}-\frac {111\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{8\,a^4\,d} \]
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